functional group
this is a chemically reactive atom, or group of atoms, a single, double, or triple bond,
that gives a particular class of compounds it's characteristic properties
Functional Groups
hydrocarbon
organics compound consisting only of hydrogen and carbon atoms
Hydrocarbons
saturated
organic compounds consisting of single bonds only
Saturated
unsaturated
organics compound consisting of double or triple bonds.
general formula
the general ratio of elements in a compound.
example: CnH2n+2
homologous series
a series or class of compound that can be represented by a general formula
molecular formula
actual ratio of elements in a compound
example: C2H6
empirical formula
this is the simplest ratio of elements in a compound
molecular C2H6
empirical CH3.
The numbers were brought to the the smallest form by dividing by 2
isomers
These are compounds that have the same molecular formula, but different structural formulae
If we say that TWO compounds are structural isomers, then they have exactly the same number and type of individual atoms, but are arranged into different structures.
Obviously they would have different names.
dienes
conjugated dienes: two double bonds separated by a single bond
isolated diens: one or more saturated carbons atoms between two double bonds
cumulated dienes: two double bonds formed to one carbon atom